Prefix Dictionary – C

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cac- or caco- [Greek kakos bad, evil, pernicious] Bad, evil (caconym).

caen- or caeno- (1) see: cen- (2) see: coen-.

calc- or calci- or calco- [Latin calcis genitive of calx Limestone, lime, chalk] Calcium (hypercalcemia).

calcareo- [Latin calcarius pertaining to lime] Like, composed of, or pertaining to calcium carbonate or calcite (calcareous).

cali- or calo- or calli- or callo- [Greek kalos beautiful] In taxonomic names: beautiful, beauty, white (Calliandra).

campto- or campylo- [Greek kampe to bend] Bent or curved (Camptosaurus).

cani- [Latin canis dog] Denotes dog (canine).

capill- or capilla- [Latin capillus hair] Primarily in taxonomic names: hair, hairlike (capillaceum).

capillar- or capillaro- [capill- + -ary] Capillary (capillaritis).

carcin- or carcino- [Greek karkinoma cancer] Cancer (carcinogen, carcinoma).

carcinomat- or carcinomato- [Greek karkinomata cancers] Carcinoma (carcinomatophobia).

cardi- or cardia- or cardio- [Greek cor, cordis heart] Heart; heart action (cardiotomy).

carn- or carni- [Latin carnis flesh, meat, the body] Flesh, meat, the body (carnivore).

carp- or carpo- [Greek karpos fruit, wrist] (1) fruit (Carpobalsamum); (2) pertaining to the carpus (carpoptosis).

cat- or cata- or cath- [Greek kata down] Down, downward (catabolism, catarrhine, catheter).

caud- or cauda- or caudi- [Latin cauda tail] Tail (caudad).

caten- [Latin catena chain, shackles, fetters] Chain (catenoid).

caul- or cauli- or caulo- [Latin caulis stem] Stem, stalk (acaulescent).

cec- or ceco- [Latin caecum blind — referring to the fact that the cecum has a single outlet] Cecum (cecectomy).

celi- or celio- [Greek koilia belly] Belly, abdomen (celiocolpotomy).

cellul- or cellulo- [cell + -ule ] Cellulose (cellulolytic).

cen- or ceno- or caen- or caeno- [Greek kainos new] Recent, new (Cenozoic Era). See also: coen-.

cent- or centi- [Latin centenum one hundred] One hundredth (centimorgan).

cephal- or cephalo- [Greek kephale head] Relating to the head (cephalodynia).

cer- or cero- [Latin cera wax] Wax, earwax (ceraceous).

cerat- or cerato- Rare forms of kerat(o)-.

cerc- or cerco- [Greek kerkos tail] Tailed (Cercopithecidae).

cerebell- or cerebello- [cerebellum Latin diminutive of cerebrum brain] Cerebellum (cerebellospinal).

cerebr- or cerebri- or cerebro- [Latin cerebrum brain] Brain (cerebrotonia).

cervic- or cervico- [Latin cervix neck, a narrow connecting structure] (1) pertaining to the neck (cervicobrachial); (2) pertaining to the cervix uteri (cervicovesical).

cet- or ceto- [Latin cetus whale, dolphin] Whale, dolphin (cetacea, cetotolite).

chaet- or chaeto- [Greek chaite hair] Hair(y), bristle, bristly (chaetognath, chaetotactic).

chalc- or chalco- or chalk- or chalko- [Greek chalkos copper] Copper (Chalcolithic).

chasm- or chasmo- [Greek chasma opening] Open or relating to an opening (chasmogamy, chasmophyte).

cheil- or cheilo Forms of chil- .

cheir- or cheiro- or chir- or chiro- [Greek cheir hand, paw] Pertaining to the hand (chiragra, chiroplasty, chirospasm).

chem- or chemo- (1) chemistry, or a molecule or chemical (chemoreceptor); (2) drugs (chemotherapy).

chil- or chilo [Greek cheilos lip] Lip(s) (cheilectropion).

chlor- or chloro [Greek chloros green] Green or yellow green (chlorophyll, chloroplast).

choan- or choano- [Greek choane funnel] Denotes a funnel or something shaped like a funnel (Choanoflagellate).

chol- or chole- or choli- [Greek chole bile] Bile, gall (cholemesis, cholera, cholesterol).

cholecyst- or cholecysto- [chol- + cyst- ] Referring to the gallbladder (cholecystopexy).

chondr- or chondri- or chondro- [Greek chondros cartilage] Cartiliage or gristle (chondrosarcoma, chondrin).

chondri- or chondrio- [Greek chondrion small grain] Of, relating to, or like a grain (chondriosome).

chori- or chorio- [Greek chorion skin] (1) chorion (chorioadenoma); (2) choroid (choriocele).

chord- or chordo- [Greek chordos string] Denotes an anatomical cord (Chordata).

choroid- or choroido- [Greek chorioeides skinlike] Denotes the choroid coat of the eye (choroidocyclitis).

chrom- or chromo- or chromat- or chromato- [Greek chromos colored] (1) Color, colored (chromophil, chromatophore).

chron- or chrono- [Greek chronos time] Pertaining to time (chronobiology, chronospecies).

chrys- or chryso- [Greek chrysos gold] Golden, yellow (chrysalis).

chthon- or chthono- [Greek chthon earth] Earth; residing in or under the earth; infernal (chthonophagia).

chyl- or chylo- [Greek chylos juice, chyle] Denotes chyle (chylidrosis, chylifacient, chylology).

cili- or cilii- or cilio- [Latin cilium eyelid] (1) in animals: eyelash (ciliary); (2) in plants: having minute hairlike processes (ciliatum); (3) in the names of microorganisms or cells: having cilia (Ciliophora).

cin- or cino- Variant of kin-.

circum- [Latin circum about, around, round about, near, on both sides] Around, about, surrounding (circumvallate).

cis- [Latin cis- on, to this, near side of] On this side, on the nearer side, nearby. Within the context of genetics, most often used in the term cis-acting, which means that the activity of a locus affects only the molecule of DNA where that locus resides.

cleid- or cleido- or clid- or clido- [Greek kleis key] Pertaining to the clavicle (cleidocostal).

cleist- or cleisto- or clist- or clisto- or cleid- or cleido- [Greek kleistos closed] Closed, sealed (cleidoic, cleistogamy).

clin- or clino- or clinico- [Greek kline bed] Bed (clinic, clinician, clinostatic).

clitorid- or clitorido- [Latin clitoris] Denotes the clitoris (clitoridectomy).

cnind- or cnindo- [Greek knide nettle, sea nettle] Denotes Cnidaria or a cnidarian (cnidocyst).

co- [Latin co- together, with, common] With, together, mutually (coenzyme, cofactor).

coccyg- or coccygo- [coccyx] Coccyx (coccygodynia).

cocto- [Latin coctus cooked] (1) altered by heat or boiling (coctoprotein); (2) at the boiling point of water (coctostable).

coel- or coelo- [Greek koilos hollow] Chamber, cavity, ventricle (coeloblastula).

coen- or coeno- or caen- or caeno- or cen- or ceno- [Greek koinos common] Common, shared (coenocyte). See also: cen-.

col- A form of co- used before stems or suffixes beginning with the letter l (colliquation).

cole- or coleo- [Greek koleos sheath] Sheath (Coleoptera).

col- or coli- or colo- or colon- or colono- [Greek kolon colon] Of or pertaining to the colon (colonoscopic, coliform).

colp- or colpo- [Greek kolpos vagina] Denotes the vagina (colpocele).

com- A form of co- used before stems or suffixes beginning with b, p, or m. (commissure).

con- A form of co- used before stems or suffixes beginning with letters other than b or l or m or n or p or r, when the accent is not on the first syllable of the word (congenital).

con- or conico- or cono- [Latin conus cone] Cone; conelike (coniform, conodont).

contra- [Latin contra against, opposite, opposed, contrary] Against, preventing (contraceptive).

conio- [Greek konis dust] Denotes dust (coniology).

copr- or copro- [Greek kopros excrement] Denotes feces, excrement (coprolite).

cor- A form of co- used before stems or suffixes beginning with r (correlation).

cor- or core- or coreo- [Greek kore pupil] Pupil or iris (corectomy).

cord- or cordo- [Greek chorde cord] Denotes an anatomical cord (cordopexy)

cord- or cordi- or cordo- [Latin cor, cordis heart] Heart (cordiform).

corm- or cormo- [Greek kormos tree trunk] Corm, trunk, stem (cormoid, cormose)

corn- or corne- or corni- [Latin cornus horn, hoof, beak, claw] Denotes a horn or horniness (corneous).

cortic- or cortico- [Latin cortex skin, outer covering] (1) the cerebral cortex (corticopeduncular); (2) any anatomical cortex (corticosteroid).

cost- or costi- or costo- [Latin costa rib; side, flank, back] Of or relating to the ribs, near the ribs (costalgia).

counter- [Latin contra against, opposite, opposed, contrary] Contrary, against, opposite, adverse (counterselection).

cox- or coxo- [Latin coxa hip (of human), haunch (of animal), hip bone] Denotes the hip or hip joint (coxitis).

crani- or cranio- [Greek cranion skull] Of or relating to the skull (craniofacial).

cry- or cryo- or kry- or kryo- [Greek kryos freezing cold] Cold, frozen (cryobiology, cryophile).

crym- or crymo- [Greek kryos freezing cold] Cold, frost (crymotherapy).

crypt- or crypto- [Greek kryptos hidden] Hidden, covered, invisible (cryptorchidism, cryptozoon).

cune- or cuneo- [Latin cuneus, cunei wedge] Wedge-shaped (cuneiform, cuneate).

cut- or cuti- or cutane- or cutaneo- [Latin cutis skin] Skin, integument (cutaneous), cutaneophalangeal).

cyan- or cyano- [Greek kyanos dark blue, lapis lazuli] Dark blue (cyanobacteria, cyanosis).

cycl- or cyclo- [Greek kyklos circle] (1) circular or cyclical (cyclostomate); (2) of or pertaining to the eye's ciliary body (cyclitis).

cyes- or cyesi- or cyesio- [Greek kyesis pregnancy] Denotes pregnancy (cyesedema).

cyn- or cyno- [Greek kyon dog] Denotes dog (cynocephalous).

cyph- or cypho- Rare forms of kyph(o)-.

cyst- or cysti- or cysto- [Greek kystis bladder, sac] (1) pertaining to the gallbladder (cystocolostomy); (2) pertaining to the urinary bladder (cystoureteritis); (3) denoting the presence of cyst(s) (cystoepithelioma); (4) denoting the presence of a sac, pouch, or bladder of any kind (Cystophora).

cyt- or cyto- [Greek kytos hollow vessel] (1) cell (cyturia); (2) cytoplasm (cytolysis).

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